The World’s Oldest Zoo

Located on the grounds of the famous Schönbrunnincreased entrance fees, but also through private and
Palace in Vienna, Austria, is Tiergarten Schönbrunncorporate sponsorship, and hotels in Vienna are once
(German for Schönbrunn Zoo) the oldest zoo in theagain being patronised by visitors who have come
world. It was founded as an imperial menagerie in 1752from afar to visit the famous animal establishment.
and when first opened to the public in 1779, there wereTiergarten Schönbrunn is one of the few zoos
no entrance fees.worldwide to house giant pandas and on the 23rd
It was the Holy Roman Emperor, Joseph II, who firstAugust 2007 the first non-artificial insemination panda
organized expeditions to Africa and the Amercias tobaby in Europe was born there. Other attractions
capture specimens for the zoo and the first giraffeinclude a rainforest house, in which the spectator is led
arrived in 1828. On July 14, 1906, the zoo shocked thethrough a simulation of the Amazon Rainforest, and an
world with the birth of the first elephant in captivity; untilaquarium which enables spectators to walk
then, zoologists had held the opinion that elephantsunderneath a simulation of the Amazon in flood. The
could only reproduce in the wild.new polarium for animals of the Arctic region was
At the onset of the first world war, the zoo was homeopened in early 2004 and the zoo is now also a
to 712 species and 3500 specimens, but due tocenter for Zoological research.
diminishing food supplies during the conflict, the numberThe zoo's long life has not been without hardship and
of specimens rapidly sank down to 900. Bombing raidsa number of tragic accidents have plagued the
in February 1945 during World War II had an evenorganisation. In 2002 a jaguar attacked a caretaker
greater impact on the zoo; many buildings wereduring feeding, killing her in front of visitors and the
destroyed and many animals were killed, leaving justdirector sustained heavy arm injuries whilst trying to
400 samples alive.intervene. In February 2005 a young elephant lethally
After the war, the new zoo director Dr. Juliuscrushed his caretaker and in the following press storm,
Brachetka eventually managed to restore the zoo, butdirector Helmut Pechlaner offered to resign over the
in the 1980s, it experienced a financial crisis due to lackissue.
of visitors and increasing costs, however, closure wasHowever, despite all this, Tiergarten Schönbrunn is
prevented by privatization in 1992. Recently, under theamong the most modern zoos in the world and their
guidance of manager Helmut Pechlaner, also presidentmotto “Schönbrunn should be a zoo of happy
of the Austrian wing of the World Wildlife Fundanimals”, is clearly visible everywhere, which is what
(WWF), the zoo has been able to renovate andhas allowed it to survive to become the world's oldest
extend many of the enclosures thanks to significantlyzoo.