Worm Gear Lubrication

Worm gears are used for reducing speeds andextreme pressure (EP) mineral oils, polyalphaolefin
increasing torque. They are quite compact and can(PAO) lubricants, and polyalkylene glycols (PAG).
achieve very high speed ratios, often 60:1 or higher.Compounded, mineral-based oils have natural or
Unfortunately, due to the way they operate, theysynthetic fatty additives that provide good lubricity and
produce a lot of heat and require special lubrication.better protection against sliding wear. These oils are
This article will help you understand the basics ofmade from a mineral basestock, containing rust and
worm gear lubrication.oxidation inhibitors, and blended with acidless tallow and
Worm gears and worms contact each other throughfatty additives.
sliding rather than rolling. This increases friction and thusMineral-based, extreme pressure gear oils are often
the operating temperature. Worm gears may operateused when no brass components are present. Brass
at close to twice the temperature of other similar gearcomponents may react with the sulfur-phosphorous
configurations such as spur gears.additives found in these oils, although the latest EP oils
Due to the sliding motion, the worm slowly rubs off theutilize non-active sulfur to reduce possible corrosion. EP
lubricant film while engaging with the worm wheel. Theoils are often used for steel gears and when shock
worm surface picks up more lubricant afterloading occurs. PAO gear lubricants have good lubricity
disengaging, but it is difficult to ensure that it will have aproperties to help prevent sliding wear. The additives
lubricant film that is thick enough to last through theshould be checked to make sure that the oil is
load zone. As a result, worm drives require highcompatible with the gear material(s).
viscosity lubricants (due to the high operatingPAG lubricants are rather new but are becoming more
temperatures) and have good lubricity to overcomecommon. They have excellent lubricity, a very high
the high-load metal-to-metal contact.viscosity and are a great choice for low or high
There are four types of lubricants that are commonlytemperature operation. Please note that they are not
used with worm gears: compounded mineral oils,compatible with some mineral oils, seals, and paints.